Chemical and toxicological characterization of particulate emissions from diesel vehicles
Staff Page Link
Document Type
Journal Article
Publication Date
2020
Keywords
OCEC, PAH, DCFH, Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Glutathione (GSH), Driving cycle, Chassis dynamometer
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124613
Abstract
This paper presents a detailed chemical and toxicological characterization of the diesel particulate matter (PM) emitted from diesel vehicles running on a chassis dynamometer under different driving conditions. Chemical analyses were performed to characterize the contents of organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and 31 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the collected PM samples. The OC–EC analysis results revealed that PM emissions from diesel vehicles in this study were dominated by OC and that the emission of vehicles equipped with diesel particulate filters had high OC/EC ratios. The PAH analysis results revealed that 4- and 5-ring PAHs were the dominant PAHs in the OC fraction of the PM samples. Particle toxicity was evaluated through three toxicological markers in human A549 cells, namely (1) acellular 2,7-dichlorofluorescein (DCFH) for oxidative potential, (2) interleukin-6 (IL-6) for inflammation, and (3) glutathione (GSH) for antioxidation after exposure. Statistical analyses revealed that vehicle sizes have statistically significant effects on the concentrations of the markers. Correlation analysis between PAHs and toxicological markers revealed that significant correlations existed between specific compounds and markers. Our results can be used as a reference by policy makers to formulate emission control strategies and as a dataset for other modeling studies.
Source Publication
Journal of Hazardous Materials
Volume Number
405
Issue Number
2021, 124613
ISSN
0304-3894
Recommended Citation
Wang, B.,Lau, Y.,Huang, Y.,Organ, B.,Chuang, H.,Ho, S.,Qu, L.,Lee, S.,& Ho, K. (2020). Chemical and toxicological characterization of particulate emissions from diesel vehicles. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 405 (2021, 124613). http://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124613